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Estate Tax Calculator

Calculate federal and state estate taxes on your legacy

Estate Value

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Real estate, investments, retirement accounts, life insurance

$

Mortgages, loans, credit card debt

Personal Information

Some states have additional estate taxes

Deductions & Gifts

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Fully deductible from estate

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Gifts above annual exclusion ($19,000/year)

Understanding Estate Taxes

What is the Estate Tax?

The estate tax is a federal tax on the transfer of assets from deceased individuals to their heirs. It's sometimes called the "death tax" and applies to estates exceeding the federal exemption amount.

The tax is calculated on the fair market value of all assets owned at death, minus allowable deductions such as debts, charitable bequests, and transfers to a surviving spouse.

2025 Federal Estate Tax Exemption

Single/Individual

Exemption: $13,990,000

Married Couples (with portability)

Combined Exemption: $27,980,000

Federal Tax Rates

Graduated rates from 18% to 40% on taxable amounts above the exemption. The maximum 40% rate applies to amounts over $1 million above the exemption.

How Estate Tax is Calculated

  1. Gross Estate: Total value of all assets (property, investments, life insurance, retirement accounts)
  2. Deductions: Subtract debts, funeral expenses, charitable bequests, and spousal transfers
  3. Taxable Estate: Add back lifetime taxable gifts
  4. Apply Exemption: Subtract the federal exemption amount
  5. Calculate Tax: Apply graduated tax rates to the remaining amount

State Estate Taxes

In addition to federal estate tax, some states impose their own estate or inheritance taxes. These states typically have lower exemption thresholds than the federal government.

States with Estate Tax (2025)

Connecticut, Hawaii, Illinois, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New York, Oregon, Rhode Island, Vermont, Washington, and Washington D.C.

Unlimited Marital Deduction

Transfers to a surviving spouse are completely exempt from estate tax. Additionally, the unused portion of the deceased spouse's exemption can be transferred to the surviving spouse (called "portability").

This allows married couples to effectively use up to $27,980,000 in combined exemptions.

Gift Tax and Lifetime Gifts

The estate and gift tax systems are unified. Large gifts made during your lifetime count against your estate tax exemption.

Annual Gift Exclusion (2025)

You can give up to $19,000 per recipient per year without using your lifetime exemption or filing a gift tax return.

Lifetime Exemption

Gifts above the annual exclusion reduce your available estate tax exemption at death.

Estate Tax Planning Strategies

  • Gifting: Use annual exclusions to transfer wealth tax-free during your lifetime
  • Trusts: Irrevocable trusts can remove assets from your taxable estate
  • Charitable Giving: Charitable bequests are fully deductible
  • Life Insurance: Properly structured life insurance trusts can provide tax-free liquidity
  • Business Succession: Family limited partnerships and buy-sell agreements for business owners
  • Valuation Discounts: Certain assets may qualify for valuation reductions

Important Considerations

  • • Estate tax laws may change - current high exemptions are scheduled to sunset in 2026
  • • State estate tax laws vary significantly and may have lower exemptions
  • • Estate planning should consider income tax basis step-up benefits
  • • Professional guidance from estate planning attorneys and CPAs is recommended
  • • Regular review of your estate plan is essential as laws and family situations change